Background & Aim: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is one of the most common infections in the worldwide. It has been accepted as a major cause of peptic ulcer disease. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection leads to cure of ulcers, reduction of its complications, and prevents relapse. In various regimens in the world, triple therapeutic regimens with metronidazol or claritromycin bases as 7, 10 and 14 DAYS courses, has been suggested. These regimens usually contain a proton pump inhibitor and another antibiotic. Clarothromycin, was shown to be a good alternative to metronidazole in therapy for helicobacter pylori eradication especially in areas where metronidazole resistant bacteria are common. A randomized controlled clinical trial to determine the efficacy of triple therapy with clarithromycin, amoxicillin and omeperazole for eradication of HP. was done and comparison of 7 DAYS versus 14 DAYS treatment with such regimens. Materials &Methods: This study carried out on patients who had peptic ulcer or dyspepsia that was established by endoscopy and endoscopic biopsy samples of them were positive for rapid urease test and histopathological studies. The patients were divided randomly in two groups. Group A was treated with clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d., amoxicilin 1 gr b.Ld. and omeprazole 20 mg b.Ld. for 7 DAYS and group B was treated with such drugs and regimens for 14 DAYS. Clinical evaluation and reendoscopy were carried out 4 weeks after finishing treatment and if both of rapid urease test and histopatological studies on biopsy samples were negative, HP. eradication was accepted. Results: 65 of 81 patients enrolled into this study completed the study and returned for repeated endoscopy. The per protocol HP. eradication rates in group A (35 patients) and group B ( 30 patients) were 85.6% and 86.6%, respectively ( p=0.6). Although the intent - to – treat eradication rates decreased, that for group A (N =41) and group B (N =40) were 73.1% and 65% respectively (p =0.42 ) There is not any significant relationship between the H.P. eradication rates and age, sex, severity of inflammation on pathological samples and presence of peptic ulcer or dyspepsia. 19.5% of patients had minor side effects but there was not shown any major side effect and significant relationship between side effects and the duration of therapy. Discussion: Triple therapy containing clarithromycin results in an acceptable eradication rates of HP. infection and there isn't any significant difference between the two above protocols.

One of the basic subjects of climatic studies, especially constructions and residential environment, is an architecture which is in harmony with the climate, and the programmes of energy consumption, the question of heating them in cold seasons and cooling them in warm seasons of year in order to reach to the approximate heat comfort of human beings, the extent of need of a particular N-day period of degree- DAYS of cooling and heating which are called CDD and HDD for whose cal calation the following formulas can be used, CDD=S(T-q2), HDD=S(q1-T) in which T is the average of daily temperature, and q1 and q2 are the temperature threshold in centigrade.The region of Azerbaijan is located in the north - west of Iran and is considered, according to mountain topography and climate, one of the cold regions of Iran.According to the statistics of 1381, its population is about 7,357,456. According to the special geographical and climatic conditions and its population, a great deal of energy and fuel is needed each year for heating the residential environment of the area under study.In this essay, the degree- DAYS of need for monthly and annual heating and cooling of the studied regions' stations are ca1culated,then by using Arc\ View software the data are processed in GIS environment, and the annual and monthly classification plans of the degree-DAYS of need for heating and cooling are designed and drawn digitally and are colored.

It is estimated that about 6 week, after delivery mothers would recover from many change of pregnancy. But, some difficulties will remain and effect daily avidities, child care, household responsibilities and working outdoor are examples of these hardships, mostly, both mothers and health care providers do not pay attention to them. So, health problem after delivery have been called "hidden morbidity".Therefore, in a descriptive study the researcher assessed post partum morbidities, and the prevalence of depression and fatigue in this group, and to do so, 1330 mothers were interviewed 45 DAYS after delivery while they reffered for the immunization of their babies. Finding showed that 89% of the sample group pointed on one or more problems within 6 weeks post partum. The problems reported by mothers included: backache (52.7%), headache (49.9%), fatigue (44.4%), constipation (26.6%), postpartum blue (24.1%), breast problem (14.4%), sleep disorder (13.6%), abnormal vaginal discharge (11.1%), hemorrhoids (10.1%), stitches infection (9.6%), urinary tract infection (9.0%), side effect of anesthesia (7.4%), abnormal vaginal bleeding (5.5%), sexual problems (5.4%), urinary incontinence (2.1%), difficulty voiding (2.8%) and other problems (3.4%). So, with such a large variety of postpartum health problems quality and quantity of care is to be considered. At antenatal care, mother and her family should be educated about post partum health problems, and health care providers should assess mothers thoroughly.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (HP) is the most common etiologic cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers. HP eradication, may cure peptic ulcer diseases. Optimal regimen should have, an eradication rate superior to 90%, simplicity, short duration, safety and low cost. This study compares the optimal duration (14 DAYS versus 10 DAYS) of furazolidone, amoxicillin, omeprazole, bismuth regimen. Methods: The patients of this study enrolled from gastroenterologic clinic of Imam Khomeini hospital in Tehran and an ambulatory gastroenterologic clinic of Rasht. Patients with endoscopically proven gastric or duodenal ulcer were biopsied and HP infection was diagnosed with giemsa staining and positive rapid urease test. After taking written informed consent, patients were randomly and single-blinded assigned to I4-day and IO-day groups. Treatment regimen for both of them was furazolidone 200 mg/BD, amoxicillin 1 gr/BD, bismuth subcirate 240 mg/BD and omeprazole 20 mg/BD. Drug compliance was determined by pills count. Endoscopy and biopsy were performed 6 to 5 weeks after treatment and HP infection was evaluated Data were analyzed by SPSS/9 soft- ware. Student t- test and Chi-square  (χ2 ) were used and P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 54 patients enrolled in 14-day group and 53 in 10-day group. Two patients of 14-day group were excluded because of drug intolerance. Four patients (two of both groups) did not return for follow up. There were no significant differences between mean age, sex ratio, smokers and clean based ulcers in both groups. Ulcer healing rate was 96.2% in 14-day group and 88.7% in 10-day group after treatment, Hpylori eradication rate was 72.2% in 14-day group versus 67.9% in 10-day group, side effects were seen 62% in 14-day group and 49% in 10-day group that all these differences were not significant. Infection was eradicated in 61.5% and 38.9% of smokers in I4-day and 10-day group, respectively that showed no significant difference. Conclusion: According to this study, there was no significant difference between HP eradication rate of 10-day and I4-day regimen. It is recommended that large comparative trials should be designed to define optimal duration by the aim of superior to 90% eradication.

Hot DAYS are a state of temperature and an important climatic phenomenon. Long term changes (trends) of this phenomenon are evidence and consequence of temperature-climatic change. In current research it had been tried to investigate long term changes of hot DAYS of Iran using day time temperature database during 1961-2008 as well as using statistical methods. Accordingly based on 90th percentile the hot day index for every pixels of database and for every day has been estimated. This value used as hot day threshold. Then the maximum temperatures of every day have been comparing with its threshold. Every day of every given pixel which has gotten a temperature equal or more than threshold is defined as a hot day. The result of this result showed that the mean of number of hot DAYS is about 39 DAYS. The months in cold seasons and in April have experienced the most DAYS with hot temperatures. This value has experienced positive trends in about half of the country. While sixth of the country has negative trends. The area with positive trends is continuum in space in compare with area with negative trends. The mean of temperature of hot DAYS also investigated. In more than half of the country the trends of temperature of hot DAYS was positive. Meanwhile in third of the country there are negative trends. The trends in both, number of hot DAYS and mean temperature of same DAYS is following the structure of mountains structures. The correlation of trends in number DAYS and mean temperature of hot DAYS is positive temporary and spatially. The events of hot DAYS in Iran have shown a 3-4 years cycle.